Non-inflammable paint and varnish remover.



To all whom it may concern.-

- is uninflammable.

adapted to the intended its comparatively hig eAnLEroN ELLIS, or NEW UHEMlGAL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A.

WEST VlRGINIA.

NON-IINFILAMMABLE YORK, N, Y., ASSIGNOR TO OHADELOID CORPORATION or PMN'II' AND VAHNlSl-t Removes.

No. 81 7,141. Original application filed February 10, 1902, Serial No. 93,468.

Be it known that I, CAnLEroN thus, a citizen of the'United States, residin at New York city, in the county of New a ork and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Non-Inflammable Paint and Varnish Removers, of which I the following is a specification.

This invention relates to non-inflammable paint and varnish removers; and it consists in a non-inflammable paint and varnish remov ing composition, all as more fully hereinafter set forth, matters of novelty being particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Paint-removers consisting of a mixture of volatile solvents capable of dissolving the various paints and varnishes admixed with evaporation-retarding thickeners, such as Wax, have replaced the former phenol mix.- tures and the caustic-soda compositions in the market, being non-caustic and better purpose; but as customarily made they have the disadvantage of being inflammable, most of the volatile solvents well adapted to dissolving paint or varnishsuch as alcohol, acetone, &c.--igniting readily from a flame, such as that of a match. In the present invention I have sought to overcome this difficulty, making a com osition which is substantially uninflammab e on contact with flame. For this purpose I use in a specific way in the admixture certain proportions of, halogenated organic substances, such as carbon tetrachlorid or'allied bodies. Carbon tetrachlorid is a liquid having a boiling-point of about 76 centigrade and a comparatively high vapor tension. It It is a solvent for many oils and resins used in paints and varnishes and is miscible with alcohol, acetone, &c. While-it does not of itself ordinarily dissolve shellac, I have discovered that in admixture with such shellac solvents as alcohol it acquires that power. As frequently occurs in such cases, the mixture of solvents has different properties in respect to solvent power from that of its com onents. By reason of h vapor tension and the high specific 'ravity of its vapor (about five times that 0 air) on standing at ordinary temperatures, as in, a can or bottle, it becomes covered with an atmosphere of its own vapor not readily mixing with air,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Divided and this application filed December 2 190 i. Serial No. 235,205.

Patented April 3. 1906.

course uninflammable. I have discovered that by mixing it in proper proportions with certain other and inflammab e solvents in such paint-removing compositions the ignitibility of the latter may be suppressed for all practical urposes, making compositions which, whi e equally efficient as paint-removers compared with the compositions of the pgrior art, have great practical advantages.

y reason of its great vapor tension carbon tetrachlorid tends to evaporate before less vaporizable bodies, like grain-alcohol, its speed of evaporation, in fact, being about twice that of alcohol, and to form an a'tmos' phere of its own vapor over bodies of paint remover in whichit forms a part, and such atmosphere being denser than that of most other volatile solvents in admixture with their vapors tends to restrain diflusion with air, and consequent ignitibility-that is, for example, alcohol-vapor being only a little over once and a half times as heavy as air tends to mix with it more readily than when admixed with a heavier vapor like that of the tetrachloride Both these effects-that of the superior vapor tension or evaporative tend ency and that of its high vapor density-coopcrate toward restraining the inflammability of mixtures of which it is a part.

My present invention consists in the combination, in paint-removers, with halogenated organic bodies, such as carbon tetrachlorid and allied substances, of such solvents as have a vapor tension not greater than its own, as grain-alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, &c., in such proportion that the evaporative tendency of the former predominate, whereby I produce compositions which at ordinary temperatures emit substantially uninflammable or non-ignitible vapors, the carbon tetrachlorid, so to speak, dominating the other vapors. Together with this mixture I combine a waxy evaporationretardcr or thickener, using any of the ordinary waxessuch as beeswax, ceresin, paraffin, &c.-producing a paintremover of the general charac ters of the benzol methyl alcohol composi tion described and claimed in my former pat ent, No. 714,880, Decen'iber 2, 1902, but distinguished therefrom by its uninflainmable character and also in specific composition. In compositions of this type the wax is usu- ICltIi containin Wax and volatile solvents-in which in ammability is suppressed or removed by the addition of non-inflammable solvents of high vapor tension to inflammalution added to another varnish solvent in which the wax is insoluble and by which it is thrown down in a finely-divided or gelatinous form, and the quantity is sometimes as high as a third or more of the total mixture. For le solvents of lower vapor tension. my present purposes, however, I prefer to at I claim is use much less wax, since I find that an excess- 1. An uninflammable paint-remover comive amount acts injuriously on the uninflammable qualities. This is probably because being soluble in the carbon tetrachlorid and having, therefore. ,a sort of quasichemical afprising a waxy body 'and an uninflammable mixture of volatile organic solvents.

2. An uninflammable paint-remover comprising a waxy body and flammable volatile solvent with inflammable volatile solvents of such nature and in such proportions as to give a predominant evaporative tendency to the former solvent. 3. An uninflammable paint-remover comprising a waxy body and a mixture of an uninflammable volatile solvent with other volatile solvents of not greater vapor tension.

4. An uninflammable prising a waxy body and a mixture of an uninflammable volatile solvent with other volatile solvents of less vapor tension.

5. An uninflammable paint-remover comprising a waxy body and a mixture of an uninflammable volatile solvent with a volatile solvent of approximately half its vapor tension.

ively from evaporation, more or less, to geher words, with too much Wax the vaporization of the tetrachlorid the other volatile solvents, such as alcohol,

proportions. pared with the prior art.

It will of course be understood that by varying the relative amount of uninflammable inflammable which the vapors ignite, to any desired degree. Modifications in same effect to some extent.

A satisfactory composition for removing paint and varnish may be obtained by dissolving two parts of wax in fifteen parts of carbon tetrachlorid and mixing with the solution ten parts of grain-alcohol and one part of amyl acetate. The wax in this mixture forms about eight per cent. of the total.

The admixture of inflammable solvents possessing much greater vapor tensions or evaporative tendency than carbon tetrachlorid is not entirely precludedwhere these solvents are desirable for specific purposes, provided the added quantity of such body as, for instance, acetone, benzin, (i. 6., light petroleum naphtha, or wood-alcohol is in- I waxy body; an uninflammable volatile solvent and other solvents of such nature and in. such proportions as to give a dominating evaporative tendency to the former solvent.

11 uninflammable paint-remover, comprising not to exceed eight per cent. of a waxy body; carbon tetrachlorid in such proportions as to give a dominating vapor tension, and other solvents.

prising not to exceed eight 'waxybody;

cohol.

9. An 'uninfla'mmable paint-remover comprising not to exceed eight per cent. of a waxy body, carbon tetrachlorid, grain-alcohol per cent. of a carbon tetrachlorid and grain-alsuflicient to brmg its vapors into predomiand amyl acetate. nance. A modicum of any of the bodies 10. unlnflammable paint-removercomnamed may be incorporated into the composiprising two parts of -a waxy body, fifteen parts of carbon tetrachlorid, ten parts grain-alcohol, and one part amyl acetate.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature i in presence of two witnesses.

OARLETON ELLIS.

tion stated above. A composition of this nature may be produced by dissolvin two parts of wax in fourteen parts of car on tetratwo parts of benzin and adding eight parts of grain-alcohol and two parts of wood-alcohol.

I am the first, so far as I am aware, to pro- Witnesses: uce an uninflammable composition of the WARREN E. DIXON, modern type of paint-removerst'. e., those A.- M. SENIOR.

6. An uninflammable paint-remover comprising not 'to exceed eight per cent. of a 8. An uninflammablepaint-remover coma mixture of an unin- 

